Chemistry — Effusion (Graham's Law)
Rate of effusion, mean kinetic energy and rms molecular speed.
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\frac{r_1}{r_2} = \sqrt{\frac{M_2}{M_1}}
\langle KE \rangle = \tfrac{3}{2}k_B T
v_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}
r \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{M}}