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Queueing network templates

Queueing Network — Contact Centre

Erlang-C staffing for a 480-call-an-hour contact centre with billing, technical and retention queues, showing why 26 front-line agents at 93% occupancy still leave the average caller queueing over a minute.

Template previewQueueing network
Contact centre — weekday 10:00 peakOpen queueing network · 4 stations · 9 routes · arrivals 480/h · target ρ 90%0.220.170.050.080.04 back480/harrivalsexit 0.56exit 0.92exit 0.961exitFront linebottleneck×26λ 483/h · ρ 92.9%Wq 67.7s · Lq 9.09W 4.1m · L 33.26G/G/26 · P(wait) 62.5%Billing desk×11λ 106/h · ρ 80.5%Wq 56.2s · Lq 1.66W 5.9m · L 10.52M/M/11 · P(wait) 40.1%Technical tier 2×18λ 82.2/h · ρ 83.7%Wq 2.1m · Lq 2.81W 13.1m · L 17.88G/G/18 · P(wait) 37.1%Retention×5λ 32.7/h · ρ 76.2%Wq 2.8m · Lq 1.55W 9.8m · L 5.36M/M/5 · P(wait) 48.4%StationModelc1/μλaρP(wait)LqWqLWFront lineG/G/26263m483/h24.1692.9%62.5%9.0967.7s33.264.1mBilling deskM/M/11115m106/h8.8680.5%40.1%1.6656.2s10.525.9mTechnical tier 2G/G/181811m82.2/h15.0683.7%37.1%2.812.1m17.8813.1mRetentionM/M/557m32.7/h3.8176.2%48.4%1.552.8m5.369.8mBottleneck: Front line at ρ = 92.9% on 26 servers — 27 servers (1 more) would bring it under the 90% target.Offered 480/h · throughput 480/h · L 67.01 in system · W 8.4m end to end · 4 stationsStable — every station holds ρ below 1. Network response time is Little's law on the solved flows: W = L / throughput.

Make it your own.

title "Contact centre — weekday 10:00 peak"
target 90%
rate unit /h
arrivals "Front line" 480/h

# Talk time is roughly exponential on the front line; tier 2 is far more
# variable (cv 1.4) because a hardware fault and a password reset are the
# same queue.
station "Front line"       { servers: 26; service: 3m; cv: 1.1 }
station "Billing desk"     { servers: 11; service: 5m }
station "Technical tier 2" { servers: 18; service: 11m; cv: 1.4 }
station Retention          { servers: 5;  service: 7m }

route "Front line" -> "Billing desk" 0.22
route "Front line" -> "Technical tier 2" 0.17
route "Front line" -> Retention 0.05
route "Front line" -> exit 0.56
route "Billing desk" -> Retention 0.08
route "Billing desk" -> exit 0.92
route "Technical tier 2" -> "Front line" 0.04   # escalations handed back
route "Technical tier 2" -> exit 0.96
route Retention -> exit 1.0