McCabe–Thiele stage construction — benzene/toluene column at 1 atm
McCabe–Thiele x-y diagram stepping off theoretical stages for a benzene/toluene distillation with relative volatility 2.45, saturated-liquid feed z_F = 0.45, x_D = 0.95, x_B = 0.05 and reflux ratio R = 1.5 R_min, used by process engineers to fix stage count, reflux and feed-tray location.
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"title": { "text": "McCabe–Thiele construction — benzene/toluene at 101.3 kPa<br><sub>α = 2.45, q = 1, R = 1.5 R_min = 1.95 · 12 theoretical stages incl. reboiler, feed on stage 6</sub>" },
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{ "x": 0.36, "y": 0.22, "xref": "paper", "yref": "paper", "showarrow": false, "align": "left", "xanchor": "left", "yanchor": "top", "text": "R_min = 1.302 from the q-line intercept y* = 0.667<br>Rectifying: y = 0.661 x + 0.322<br>Stripping: y = 1.424 x − 0.021" }
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